Choosing the Right Lens for the Job
Understanding Focal Length
Focal length determines the angle of view and the magnification of your subject. It’s usually measured in millimeters (mm).
Crop Factor
Remember that if you are using a crop sensor camera (APS-C or Micro Four Thirds), the effective focal length will be longer. For example, a 50mm lens on an APS-C camera behaves like a 75mm lens on a full-frame camera.
Wide Angle (14mm - 35mm)
Great for landscapes, architecture, and environmental portraits. They exaggerate perspective, making foreground objects appear larger and background objects smaller.
Standard (35mm - 70mm)
This range closely mimics the human eye’s field of view. It’s versatile and great for street photography, documentary work, and general purpose shooting. The “Nifty Fifty” (50mm) is a classic staple in this range.
Telephoto (70mm - 200mm+)
Ideal for portraits, wildlife, and sports. Telephoto lenses compress perspective, making the background appear closer to the subject. They also help isolate the subject by creating a shallow depth of field.
Photo Details
Prime vs. Zoom
- Prime Lenses: Have a fixed focal length. They are generally sharper, lighter, and have wider maximum apertures (letting in more light) than zoom lenses.
- Zoom Lenses: Offer a range of focal lengths. They provide convenience and versatility, allowing you to change your composition without moving your feet.
Recommendation
Start with a versatile zoom lens (like a 24-70mm or 18-55mm kit lens) to learn what focal lengths you use most. Then, consider investing in a high-quality prime lens in your favorite focal length for better image quality and low-light performance.
Conclusion
There is no single “best” lens. The right choice depends on your subject, your artistic vision, and your budget. Experiment with different focal lengths to discover your unique style!
Works Cited & Further Reading
- Roger Hicks. The Lens Book: Choosing and Using Lenses for Your SLR , 1994.
- Gustavo Mercado. The Filmmaker's Eye: Learning (and Breaking) the Rules of Cinematic Composition . Focal Press , 2010.
- How to Choose the Right Camera Lens: Guide for Beginners . Great Big Photography World
- The Beginner's Guide to Choosing a Camera Lens . Samy's Camera